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@uiten gisten atrnt @frn A. B. HURD, or Warn-INS., NEWYORK.

Lamas Patent No. 67,118, dared .my 2s, 1867,

IMPROVEMENT IN CHURNfDASHER.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, A. B. HURD, of Watkins, Schuyler county, State ofNew York, have invented certain new and useful improvements AinChurn-Dashers; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full andexact descriptionV thereof, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, making part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved dasher.

Figure 2 is a similar view, showing a modification of the rod.

Figure 3, a central vertical section, showing anothermodiication.

Like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all thefigures.

My improvement belongs to that class known as atmospheric dashcrs. Theinvention consistsin the employ- V ment of a plug at the bottom of thechurn, over which the hollow rod slides to displace the air and force itinto v -the cream. Also, in the employment of spiral-winged wheelsinserted in the dasherfwings, and forming auxil- I i iary agtators; and,further, in the employment of a thermometer attached to the bottom ofthe dasher-rod, and so arranged that it rests below the surface of thecream in churning, and may be drawn up through the eye of thechurn-cover for inspection. l

As represented in the drawings, A is the rod and B the dasher. The rodis tubular, for the passage of air, and may he made entirely of metal,as in gfl, in which case the valve a is situated in a cap that slipsover the top, or it may be of wood, as in g. 2, in which caso the valveopens from the side of the rod, above the churn, or it maybe of combinedwood and metal, as in iig. 3, in which case the valve is situated insideat the junction of the wood with the metal. 'Ilhe lower end of the rodslides loosely over a plug, C, which may either be screwed into thecentre of the churn-bottom, as in tig. 3, or simply rest free on thebottom by"its own weight, as in iig. 1. By this arrangement, atthe downstroke the plug enters the space in the tubo below the valve, anddisplaces its bulk of the air, which is forced down around the sides ofthe plug, and 'into and through the cream, thereby imparting not onlypositive agitation, but exerting a beneficial influence upon theglobules 'by v the in'termixture.` It will be seen that the forcing et'the air into the cream is positive and unavoidable; andin this respectit diers from all other atmospheric dashers with which I am acquainted,since in those the air ,is simply confined in a. closed space, and isnot really driven through the cream, if we except in pump-and-bellowschurns. '.lhis arrangement is of the simplest and most effectivecharacter, since the parts producing the action i are all in the bottomof the churn, out of the way, and not liable to disarrangement. Theparts are easily washed, since it is only necessary, in separating, tolift the dasheroff. The dasher is provided with 'ourwings, i lfb b b, asusual. In these -are cut holes c c, in which are fitted spirally-wingedwheels d d, turning on bearings ff. Spiral wheels forming the entiredasher itself, 'irrespective of other parts, have before been employed.Mine diiers from such, inasmuch as I insert the wheels in holes inthewings b b, to which "they are auxiliary. 'y The wheels arrangedalone, simply pass up through and have a rotary motionirnparted by theresistance of the cream, but cut through without thoroughly breaking it.In my-dasher a positive up-and-down motion is given by the flat wings bb, while an auxiliary revolving motion is given bythe spiral wheels,the' combined action being to thoroughly break the globules. The flatwings, by lifting the cream, concentrate it over the openings holdingthe spiral wings. The agitation thus produced, combined with that fromthe air, is most thorough and l effective. I attach a thermometer, D, tothe lower end of the dashcr-rod, as shown in 1, sinking it flush I' withthe surface; and where a metallic dasher-rod is used, casing it so as toprotect'it.

I am aware that thermometers have before been employed in churns,'but sofar as I-am aware not at the bottom of the dasher. By locating it atthat point I accomplish two important results where a dash-churn isemployed: rst, I keep it constantly beneath the surface of the cream inuse, so that it will indicate accurately the temperature, and, second, Ienable it to be drawn up through the eye of the cover of the churn, sothat it can be inspected at any time without removing the cover. I amaware of no other device in whiehthesc combined advantages are secured.I do not claim broadly either spiral wings or the employment of athermomh eter in churns.

What I claim as my invention, and desir-ete secure by Letters Patent,is-' 1. The combination of the plug C, at the bottom'ot` the churn, withthe tubular rod A sliding over it for displacing the air, as herein setforth. i

v2. '.lhe combination of the spiral wheels d withthe dasher-wings b,arranged and operating in the manner and for the purpose set forth. y./v

3. The special construction and arrangement of, the churn-dasher withall its parts, as herein specied. In witness-whereof I have hereuntosigned my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. Y A. n.HURD.

Witnesses:

H. H. SMITH, ORLANDO HURD.

